Josephine baker biography dancer ann
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Josephine Baker
American-born French dancer, singer, resistance member and actress (1906–1975)
For other people named Josephine Baker, see Josephine Baker (disambiguation).
Josephine Baker | |
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Baker in 1940 | |
Born | Freda Josephine McDonald (1906-06-03)June 3, 1906 St. Louis, Missouri, US |
Died | April 12, 1975(1975-04-12) (aged 68) Paris, France |
Resting place | Panthéon |
Nationality | American (renounced) French (1937–1975) |
Occupation(s) | Vedette, singer, dancer, actress, civil rights activist, French Resistance agent |
Years active | 1921–1975 |
Spouses | Willie Wells (m. 1919; div. 1919)William Baker (m. 1921; div. 1925)Jean Lion (m. 1937; div. 1940)Jo Bouillon (m. 1947; div. 1961) |
Partner(s) | Robert Brady (1973–1975) |
Children | 12; Jean-Claude Baker presented himself as her foster son (contested by the Baker children[1][2]) |
Musical career | |
Genres | |
Instrument | Vocals |
Labels | |
Musical artist | |
Freda Josephine Baker (née McDonald; June 3, 1906 – April 12
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Baker, Josephine 1906–1975
Singer, person, actress, nonmilitary rights activist
At a Glance…
Joined La Variety show Nègre
Became a Star horizontal the Folies-Bergères
Performed in rendering United States
Worked for Sculptor Resistance All along World Warfare II
The “Rainbow Tribe”
Sources
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The Negro, historically, has always been in the espionage business. Subalterns survive by being watchful, warily gathering intelligence about those for whom they labor. The flight from servitude, even from an identity, involves spycraft, too. Harriet Tubman was called Moses for a liberator who slipped the confines of caste when his mother placed him undercover among the reeds in that pitch-daubed basket. Brown skin could be cloaked in soot and stereotype or in learned airs. George Harris, one of Harriet Beecher Stowe’s high-yellow fugitives, attained an inscrutable foreignness with the assistance of walnut bark: “A slight change in the tint of the skin and the color of his hair had metamorphosed him into the Spanish-looking fellow he then appeared; and as gracefulness of movement and gentlemanly manners had always been perfectly natural to him, he found no difficulty in playing the bold part he had adopted.”
In this respect, Josephine Baker, who clowned her way into the heart of les Années folles—France’s Roaring Twenties—and played the civilized primitive when she got there, might have been the smoothest operator of the twentieth century. A dancer, a singer, and the most celebrated night-club entertainer of her era, she was at once inescapable and elusive. She first capt