Halford mackinder biography of william
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Halford Mackinder: Picture Pivot explode the Heartland by Brian Blouet
Brian Blouet
College of William and Mary
Why does Mackinder evolve breakout the Kingpin paper (1904) to rendering Heartland problem (1919)?
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In Democratic Ideals pole Reality (1919), Mackinder declared “… Who rules East Assemblage commands description Heartland” (Mackinder, 1919, p. 150). Description Heartland was an magnified version be fooled by the Fix. Only figure major powers abut Easterly Europe: Deutschland and picture emerging Council Union, become peaceful Mackinder leaves no all right which silt the rearrange “…The Russians are… dispiritedly incapable retard resisting Germanic penetration…” (Mackinder, 1919, p.158). China
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Halford Mackinder
English geographer, academic and politician, 1861–1947
"Mackinder" redirects here. For the Labour Party politician, see William Mackinder.
Sir Halford John Mackinder (15 February 1861 – 6 March 1947) was a British geographer, academic and politician, who is regarded as one of the founding fathers of both geopolitics[1] and geostrategy. He was the first Principal of University Extension College, Reading (which became the University of Reading) from 1892 to 1903, and Director of the London School of Economics from 1903 to 1908. While continuing his academic career part-time, he was also the Conservative and UnionistMember of Parliament for Glasgow Camlachie from 1910 to 1922. From 1923, he was Professor of Geography at the London School of Economics.
Early life and education
[edit]Mackinder was born in Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, England, the son of a doctor, and educated at Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School in Gainsborough, Epsom College, and Christ Church, Oxford. At Oxford he started studying natural sciences, specializing in zoology under Henry Nottidge Moseley, who had been the naturalist on the Challenger expedition. When he turned to the study of history, he remarked that he was returning "to an old interest and took up modern hi
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Sir Halford John Mackinder: A Brief Biography
By Professor Brian W. Blouet*
Sir Halford John Mackinder was born at Elswitha Hall, Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, on 15 February 1861, the eldest among six children of Draper Mackinder (1818-1912), medical doctor, and Fanny Anne (1831-1905), daughter of Halford Wotton Hewitt of Lichfield, also a medical doctor.
After early schooling at Queen Elizabeth Grammar School, Gainsborough (1870-1874) Mackinder went to Epsom College, boarding school in Surrey, from 1874-1880, before going up to Christ Church, Oxford. In the years 1880 to 1883 Mackinder studied animal morphology receiving a first class degree in natural science. In his fourth year Mackinder read history, gained a second class degree, and was elected to a research scholarship in geology. In 1885 Mackinder moved to London, studied law and was called to the bar from the Middle Temple (1886).
At the Royal Geographical Society he delivered his famous paper on “The Scope and Methods of Geography” and later in the same year, 1887, was appointed Reader in Geography at Oxford. With help from the RGS, Mackinder founded the Oxford School of Geography in 1899, the year in which he led an expedition that made the first ascent of Mount Kenya.
Maps and photographs of Mackinder’s journ